The characteristics of deformation zone were studied in order to determine the force and energy parameters of external spline cold rollbeating. The results show that the position and parameters of deformation zone change constantly with the movement of roller, and the contact arc and the reduction are both relatively small, and the deformation zone is incomplete at the initial stage of cold roll-beating. An analytic method for calculating the specific pressure and the deformation force of cold rollbeating was put forward. The cold roll-beating process was dispersed into infinite numbers of complex section cold rolling process. Then the analytic formulas for specific pressure and deformation force were given. The value and distribution of specific pressure were determined. In order to validate the validity of the analytic method, a finite element model was established to calculate the deformation force, and a horizontal milling machine was transformed to conduct cold rollbeating experiments. Then the cold rollbeating radial force and tangential force were measured. The results predicted by analytic formulas were compared with the simulation results and measured results. The results show that the maximum value errors of cold roll-beating radial force are 7% and 4% respectively, and the change curves are basically similar, but the cold roll-beating time is relatively short. The value and variation of cold roll-beating deformation force are correctly predicted by the analytic method.