Aiming at the design of marine outer shipboard spraying robot, applying the theory of reconfiguration design, the modular reconfiguration design idea is put forward based on elevated robot and wall climbing robot. The key technology of reconfiguration robot was analyzed, including the key technology of elevated robot, the key technology of climbing wall and common key technology, and which were compared. Finally, a practical example of a shipyard is used to study and design the design index of the reconstructed robot, the principle of the reconfiguration system, the reconfiguration mechanical module and the control system reconfiguration module.