Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing motion performance detection methods of alternating impact mechanisms, a test system capable of performing the motion performance of the impact mechanism under actual working conditions is designed. A micro-electromechanical acceleration sensor was used by the system to collect the motion acceleration signal of the impact mechanism, integrated the control functions such as data acquisition and storage into the sensing device, and designed the upper computer as the data processing software. It was focused on the design of hardware and control logic and data processing algorithms from four aspects: sensing, acquisition, storage and Personal Computer (PC) signal processing. Finally, the data acquisition and processing performance of the test system is verified by simulation simulation test and simple harmonic motion test.