The study on the characteristics of a centrifugal pump is the basis and premise for the study on the operation of pump under low pressure and unstable air pressure. The operation characteristics of the centrifugal pump directly affect the stability and reliability of the pump under low pressure and unstable gas pressure, and its performance largely depends on the flow condition of the liquid in its interior. The basic flow of the fluid in the centrifugal pump was briefly described. The working characteristic curve of the centrifugal pump was obtained through experimental research.The performance curve was fitted and the influence of speed change on the characteristics of the centrifugal pump was analyzed. The study provides a reference for cavitation erosion under low pressure at plateau.