Aiming at the problem that the load imbalance of the hydraulic support tunnel boring machine（TBM） main engine affects the stability of the multi-cylinder synchronous support control system during the disassembly and assembly process of the TBM,a large-tonnage multi-cylinder hydraulic synchronous support control system was designed,each hydraulic component was simplified to establish the system mathematical model. Based on the traditional PID control method, the genetic optimization algorithm was introduced to set the PID parameters,and the MATLAB/Simulink simulation software was used to compare with the conventional PID parameter setting empirical data method.The simulation results show that the adjustment time is shortened by 60%,the steady-state error is reduced by 52.38%,the maximum tracking error is reduced by 48.57%,and the average tracking error is reduced by 51.62%.The anti-interference performance is more robust,indicating that the designed control algorithm can meet the stability requirements of the large-tonnage multi-cylinder hydraulic synchronous lifting system.