With the quickening pace of the Yellow River governance, technology of the Yellow River underwater robot which is an important means of human exploration and governance in the Yellow River has been increasingly appreciated. The Yellow River underwater robot were defined and classified. The current situation of underwater robot at home and abroad was briefly introduced , the application of underwater robot in the goverment of the Yellow River was shown. The key technology of underwater robot was analyzed, the direction of development and the reasonable suggestions were given. The case that development of the Yellow River underwater robot plays a leading role.