In the using process of optical spherical accurate grinding and polishing equipment, many problems are discovered. The defects existing in the whole structure were analyzed. Aiming at the shortcomings of the equipment performance, multiple parameters optimization design was carried out, the optimization design scheme of the optical spherical accurate grinding and polishing equipment was obtained. The new optical device with more perfect performance and better coordination performance was designed. The performance of the new equipment was verified.It is confirmed that the optimized structure can improve effectively the machine performance, serve life and productivity, reduce scrap rate and maintenance cost . 