Study mainly focuses on the friction and wear behaviors of the 316 stainless steel. The high temperature vacuum hardness tester and metallographic microscope were used to analyze and test the Vickers hardness and the internal organization structure, respectively. Moreover, the ballondisc wear test was carried out through the universal friction and wear tester with different frictional pair (GCr15-316, 440C-316, 304-316 and 316-316). Results show that the worn surface resistance of 316 stainless steel is better than 304 stainless, but worse than steel-GCr15 and steel-440C under dry friction. The high temperature friction and wear test with frictional pair GCr15-316 demonstrates that the wear resistance of 316 stainless steel decreases with the increase of friction temperature. Due to the increase of operation temperature, the structure of steel turns soft, leading to the adhesion effect and serious wear damage between the sample and frictional pair.