In order to study the aerodynamic characteristics of small rotor, pressure distribution, velocity vector, streamline of flow field and lifttodrag ratio are obtained with the numerical simulation by Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) method, which are used to analyze the distribution features and aerodynamic characteristics of flow field in detail. Test system was designed to set up the pneumatic experiment platform for the measurement of thrust and power consumption in practice, and the results of numerical simulation were verified by the experiments. The study results show that the pressure of blade tip is the highest and there is also negative pressure existing in the blade tip, and come out tip eddy at the maximum pressure gradient. When the Reynolds number is ranged from 08×105to 116×105, the maximum liftdrag ratio is achieved with 90 000. Power loading of the rotor at lower speed is larger, while the rotor has higher thrust and smaller power consumption at about 1 700 r/min.