Aiming at the problem of poor grinding precision of the robot polishing system, by analyzing error sources, the calibration algorithm and implementation of tools and workpieces were studied. According to the characteristics of grinding tools, the appropriate tool calibration algorithm was selected,the auxiliary calibration tooling was designed, the position calibration of the grinding tool was completed,and the calibration accuracy of the grinding tool was improved . At the same time, according to the workpiece calibration algorithm and workpiece characteristics, the calibration block was designed,three point calibration method based on auxiliary feature points and reasonable measurement method were used to complete the high precision matching of workpiece. Through the offline programming, the grinding procedure was realized, and the high quality and high precision robot polishing task was realized.