In the process of using for many years, it is found that the wear and tear of an optical machine slide is frequent, and the service life is shortened. The existing problems of the frame structure were studied, and the frequent wear problems were analyzed. A new design scheme of the sliding structure was obtained, and the optimum design of the sliding structure was carried out. Optimization design of the structure of the sliding frame can improve the service life, reduce production cost, reduce manufacturing and assembly time, shorten the production cycle of machine tools, which meets the market demand of rapid development, and has great economic and social benefits.