A new type of hydraulic excavator with complex multi-ring coupling was proposed, based on the planar 12 bar 3 DOF movement chain graph topology library. Based on the theory of motion link and modularized graphics configuration, kinematics modeling of the mechanism was carried out. Considering the horizontal shoveling operation ability of the bucket was an important performance index of the hydraulic excavator, the simulation analysis of the mechanism kinematics was carried out based on MATLAB. The simulation results show that the new mechanism has good horizontal shoveling ability. The accuracy of the kinematics position analysis was proved by using the kinematics position positive solution and the inverse solution to verify the data of five different hydraulic cylinder sizes. Positive solution based on the kinematics analysis of new type hydraulic excavator is shovel bucket theory work space, it is concluded that the attitude angle of the bucket maintains 100°~120° with maximum level mining work space, to meet the requirements of the shovel level mining operations. The research results provides reference for the design and use of the new hydraulic excavator.