In order to improve the positioning performance of the rangefree node localization algorithm in wireless sensor networks, a wireless sensor network localization algorithm based on node RSSI single hop correction and LS-LM is proposed. Based on the principle of distance vectorhop (DVHop) algorithm, the average distance of the reference node is calculated firstly, and the positioning error in the distance calculation between the unknown node and the reference node is analyzed. Secondly, a correction value for correcting the singlehop distance is set according to the size of the received signal strength indicator (RSSI). Finally, the estimation position of each node is optimized by using the least squares levenbergmarquardt (LM) algorithm. The experimental results show that as compared with the traditional algorithm and some existing improved algorithms the positioning accuracy of the proposed algorithm is improved.