Wear of ball screw pairs is the main reason of accuracy reduction or loss of machine tool. Aimed at the problem of ball screw pair raceway wear, based on the elastic contact theory, it was concluded that the contact stress of the ball screw raceway was greater than of the nut raceway, and the difference of the contact stress between the two raceways leads to the difference of wear. The threedimensional model was established, and the wear process of the ball screw pair was simulated and analyzed by using ANSYS software. The results show that the wear of the ball screw raceway is greater than that of the nut raceway. Based on the surface texturing mechanism, the surface texturing for the screw raceway was proposed.The wear of the modified ball screw pair was analyzed by using ANSYS software. The results show that the wear amount of the screw raceway after texturing decreases from 5.89 μm to 5.15 μm; it decreases by 0.74 μm,and decreases 12.6% compared with the same period. The surface texturing has a certain effect on reducing the wear of the screw raceway