Automated feeding of box-fed animals can reduce the intensity of manual work, reduce the cost of manpower, and improve the level of automation of farming. While the research of navigation and positioning system of automatic feeding robot is the key to realize automatic feeding. Based on this, the navigation and positioning technology are researched based on magnetic tape and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag. The information processing and navigation correction algorithm of magnetic navigation sensor were designed and developed, and the site positioning technology of RFID tag was used. In addition, the obstacle avoidance system of automatic feeding robot was analyzed and designed.The navigation and positioning control system of the automatic feeding robot was developed. Finally, the feasibility and correctness of the navigation and positioning algorithm is verified by the prototype, which meets the requirements of the automatic feeding robot on site.