Industrial robots replace manpower to realize automatic nailing function in wood pallet processing, which can meet the production requirements of fast and largescale processing, and save human resource costs. It is the application focus of wooden pallet manufacturers in the future. A design scheme of the automatic nailing system based on industrial robots was presented. According to the production process of wooden pallets, the workbench and robot nailing tools were designed. The robot control program and image detection program were written to realize the automatic production of wooden pallet.The ant colony algorithm was used to analyze the optimal nailing route of the robot to further improve the production efficiency. The system has been put into production and has high efficiency and stable operation in practice