Based on AMESim simulation calculation, synthesizing software mechanical component library, hydraulic component library and liquid resistance library, the simulation model of the mine hydraulic cylinder dynamic loading loading system was established, and the pressure characteristics of the hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity under dynamic loading conditions were carried out. In the simulation analysis, the field test of the hydraulic cylinder dynamic loading overload was carried out and the pressure fluctuation of the rodless cavity was monitored synchronously. The simulation calculation data were consistent with the test data within a certain error range, which verified the accuracy of the built simulation model and the parameter setting. On this basis, by modifying the technical parameters of the simulation model, the dynamic characteristics of the mining hydraulic cylinder under different working conditions were simulated, and the pressuretime curves of the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder under different working conditions were compared. The initial pressure of the large hydraulic cylinder and the volume of the rodless cavity are beneficial to enhance the impact resistance of the hydraulic cylinder. Under the condition of dynamic loading overload, the overshoot of the safety valve reaches 36%, and the pressure is completely relieved after 1.2 s.The impact of hydraulic cylinder dynamic load overload impact test bench accumulator on the hydraulic cylinder pressure characteristics is manifested that with the increase of the accumulator volume, the initial peak of the rodless cavity pressure increases significantly,and the subsequent enhancement trend gradually slows down. After the volume reaches 300 L, the impact intensity is basically zero.