The influence of the vibration shock caused by the speed-increasing planetary gear train of wind turbines on the fatigue life of the equipment was studied under timevarying wind load conditions. Taking the 1.5 MW wind turbines 2K-H helical gear speedincreasing planetary gear train as the research object, the Davenport wind speed model was established. The vibration excitation response of the planetary gear train was analyzed by finite element method, the power spectral density (PSD) of the input load was obtained, and the S-N curve of the material was fitted. The fatigue life of the planetary gear train was analyzed in the nCodeDesignLife software by using the Lalanne frequency domain fatigue damage theory. The fatigue failure distribution and the theoretical service life of the planetary gear train were obtained. It provides a theoretical basis for reliability design of the previous speedincreasing planetary gear train life.