In the process of PCB manual production,manual drilling positioning accuracy is required to be high,time-consuming and high risk factor is high.A set of PCB automatic drilling system based on machine vision was designed.In the system,the image of circuit board was collected by machine vision,the image of circuit board edge was obtained after preprocessing such as gray level processing,image filtering,binarization and edge detection,Hough transform was used to identify and locate the circular hole position,the processing path was optimized by using genetic algorithm,and the control program was compiled through C# language to realize automatic drilling.The experimental results show that the automatic drilling system can be used to accurately and quickly drill the circuit board automatically,which greatly improves the efficiency and safety of drilling.