In view of existing internal components layout of machine tool electric cabinet,it was divided into several modules according the functions,the vertical and horizontal coordinates of the module were taken as design variables,the mathematical models of the connection length and occupied area were established.Under the condition of meeting space distance and basic size between them,the single objective optimization result was solved respectively.Introducing the evaluation weights and weight coefficient,a multi-objective optimization mathematical model was established.The ant colony algorithm was used to solve the problem,the transformation probability formula of the ant colony algorithm was improved,the search direction was taken as the solution space of the transfer probability,and the solution was solved repeatedly by combining the pheromone volatilization rate.After optimization,the volume of the module connection has been reduced by 12.8%,the area has been reduced by 20%.The production cost is saved,and the area occupancy of the electric cabinet is reduced.