In view of the problems of long amplitude estimation time and low estimation accuracy of classic sinusoidal vibration test control algorithms in low frequency bands (such as 0.1~5 Hz), a low-frequency sinusoidal vibration control algorithm was studied based on the improved FxLMS algorithm.Using the self-adaptive mechanism, the online identification of the transfer characteristics of the standard shaker system and the point-by-point correction of the drive signal were realized at the same time, and the amplitude control accuracy and stabilization time of the sine test were improved.The effect of the convergence factor on the convergence speed of the algorithm was studied by numerical simulation.The comparative experiment was completed.The results show that in the 0.5 Hz frequency sinusoidal vibration test, it only takes 10 seconds to converge to 5% amplitude accuracy, which is significantly better than the traditional stepwise approximation algorithm. It is proved that the improved FxLMS algorithm can well meet the requirements of amplitude control accuracy and real-time performance in low-frequency sinusoidal vibration test.