Energy consumption plays an important role in green manufacturing of high accuracy gears.The energy consumption of profile grinding machine tools at the component level was analyzed.The density of net energy consumption for gear profile grinding was established based on grinding power and material removal rate.The experiment of gear profile grinding was carried out.The results show that the surface roughness will decrease with the increasing of energy consumption,but the decreasing of surface roughness is limited with the sustainable growth of energy consumption.This investigation is the base of collaborative control between energy consumption and machining quality for gear profile grinding.