The comprehensive performance of friction pair determines the working life of hydraulic pump, and a good material matching scheme of friction pair is the key to improve its performance. A kind of homemade ductile cast iron material with similar properties was prepared by analyzing a foreign gear hydraulic pump’s key friction pair material. The anti-friction and wearable performance of the two materials were tested on the friction and wear testing machine, and the wear mechanism was determined by observing the wear surface morphology; the differences of the two materials’ properties and the reasons were found out by analyzing the mechanical properties, microstructure and thermal properties. The results show that the hardness of the domestic ductile cast iron is increased by 28.79% and the thermal expansion coefficient is reduced by 1.68% compared with that of imported ductile cast iron by optimizing the mass fraction of C and Si elements; under the friction test conditions, the adhesive wear and abrasive wear mainly occur in the self-matching friction pair of ductile iron, and the friction and wear performance can be improved by uisng the appropriate material hardness and matrix composition; the mechanical and thermal performance of the homemade ductile cast iron are good, but the anti-friction and wearable performance needs to be improved.