To solve the problem that it is difficult to analyze the dynamic characteristics of machine tools during high-speed and high-precision cutting,a fast sweep sine cutting method was proposed to measure the dynamic characteristics of CNC machine tools during cutting process.In this method,the cutting force in the turning process was used as the excitation force for experimental modal analysis.The cutting force was mainly converted into the excitation input of the frequency response function of CNC machine tools by cutting the sinusoidal profile cylindrical workpiece with constant feed rate and linearly increasing spindle speed.The results show that:compared with the traditional impact pulse test method,the resonance peak flexibility and frequency of fast sweep sine cutting test are reduced by about 6.7% and 16.7%,respectively.In addition,through Hilbert transform analysis,it is observed that there is a great difference between the impact pulse test and the fast sweep sine cutting test.In the fast sweep sine cutting test,the influence of nonlinearity in the cutting process can be directly identified,which provides a theoretical basis for accurately measuring the dynamic characteristics of machine tools in the cutting process.