Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control is a common gas pressure control method of device. In order to solve the problems of slow setting process and poor stability in the traditional PID control, the single neuron PID control strategy for hypoxic respiratory training device is modeled and realized. In the control system, the S7-300 PLC and Structured Control Language (SCL) are applied to complete stable pressure output. The system employs the single neuron PID algorithm to change adjustable parameters, and the control precision is improved. The results show that the device can simulate different altitude hypoxia environments, and realize the automatic regulation and control of system gas pressure. The control system has achieved satisfactory control effect.