Aiming at the problem of human resource constraint in the maintenance of multi-part series system,an opportunistic maintenance strategy model considering human resource configuration was proposed.According to the characteristics of components deterioration under the influence of external environment,the aging regression factor and failure rate increasing factor were introduced to establish the preventive maintenance strategy for single components.The opportunistic maintenance was introduced,and the maintenance coefficient was taken as the optimization variable to optimize the maintenance strategy combination of the system.The configuration of maintenance tasks and the downtime of the system were determined under the condition of limited maintenance personnel,and the opportunistic maintenance strategy model of the serial system with human resource constraints was further established.Finally,the model was applied in a case study,and simulation analysis was carried out by using the cellular automata algorithm and MATLAB to obtain the optimal opportunistic maintenance scheme of the system.The results show that compared with the traditional preventive maintenance,the strategy of considering opportunistic maintenance can effectively reduce the maintenance cost by 13.6% and improve the system availability by 2.05%.Compared with the strategy without personnel constraints,the opportunistic maintenance strategy with human resource constraints can effectively reduce the maintenance cost by 7.3%,and the economic benefit is the highest.