To realize the autonomous mobile robot localization and navigation,and to construct a precise environment map,a mobile robot navigation system design method was proposed.The Monte Carlo algorithm was used to locate the robot.The grid map scanning matching method was used to construct the map,and the Dijkstra algorithm was used to plan the current map.The serial port communication between the upper computer and the lower computer was built,and the Twist message of the upper machine path planning was sent to the lower computer,and the bottom controller was used to control the motor to realize the autonomous movement of the mobile robot.The experimental results show that in the actual environment,the mobile robot can start from the starting point and autonomously bypass the obstacle to reach the destination,which verifies the effectiveness of the mobile robot autonomous navigation system design method proposed.