Aiming at the problem of large waste of potential energy of excavator boom,a hierarchical recovery system of the hybrid excavator boom potential energy was proposed,using low,medium,and high-pressure accumulators for hierarchical potential energy recovery.The working principle of the system was analyzed,the energy mathematical model of the boom cylinder and the accumulator was established.The hydraulic system and control strategy was established by AMESim,and the simulation was carried out under typical working conditions.The simulation results show that it is feasible to use low,medium,and high-pressure accumulators for hierarchical potential energy recovery of excavator boom.The energy-saving rate of the system reaches 40.6% and the energy recovery efficiency remains above 36.1%.