A multi-parameter RFID sensor was designed for the safety monitoring of machine tool structure in complex machine tool workshop environment.The multi-parameter RFID sensor mainly includes a coding and marking function module,a humidity detection module and a strain detection module.The three functional modules work independently to jointly realize the safety monitoring of the machine tool metal structure in the complex machine tool workshop environment.It is verified by experiments that the coding and marking function module has the functions of precise positioning and marking classification;the working frequency change of the rectangular microstrip antenna of the strain detection module has a linear relationship with the degree of strain,which can complete the stress change monitoring of the machine tool structure;the humidity detection module conforms to the theoretical derivation and simulation results,and as the humidity increases,the working frequency of the PVA sensor decreases faster,which can monitor the humidity changes in the complex machine tool workshop environment.