To solve the problems that the risk assessment factors are difficult to be assessed accurately and failure characteristics are not specifically considered in the traditional failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) methods selecting the equipment maintenance decision,an improved method of equipment maintenance decision was proposed for considering fuzzy context the fault characteristics.The equipment maintenance decision was selected by combining triangular fuzzy number and similarity.Through considering the fuzzy of the risk assessment factors and the characteristics of equipment failure,the method makes the selection of maintenance decision more consistent with the practical engineering.Finally,a case study of the auto-mechanism of the self-propelled antiaircraft gun system was presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.