In manuy cases of test, monitor and fault dignosis, it is in need of using different time frequency processing method to signals according to different demands. The present processing method of system signal is rather simple, which is difficult to meet demands in different conditions. Starting from the time frequency signal acquisition and processing method, the overall design scheme was introduced of the system of signal acquisition and processing based on the development environment of graphical user interface (GUI) program of MATLAB-GUI. Further more, the system realizing method was presented in three aspects of signal acquisition and generation, processing and analysis and data management. The experimental results indicate that the system runs rapidly and stably, as well as the signal data are collected and analyzed promptly and accurately. The system provides a good interactive and extensibility，which can be used in the actual signal analysis and simulation experiments.