The application and development status quo of hydraulic technology in agricultural machinery are introduced in China and abroad. Electro-hydraulic proportional theory and characteristics were analyzed mainly, and the applications to variable rate fertilization machine, precision seeder, tractor hitch system and harvesting machine were demonstrated in agriculture. According to the present development of hydraulic technology and requirements of agricultural machinery, four development trends were suggested for the hydraulic drive and control technology. First, expand application of hydraulic mechanisms in agricultural machinery to simplify structure and adjust parameter easily. Second, use hydraulic control technology to improve automatic and intelligent level in agricultural machinery. Third, develop full hydraulic chassis drive system to increase driving force and control capability. Last, modularize hydraulic system to accelerate the process of applications of hydraulic technology in agricultural machinery.