In order to solve the puzzle of signal delay caused by reflection etc. to make ordinary wireless communication and satellites be difficult to use for indoor positioning, the paper explored a kind of high-risk life-support rescue positioning system based on Bluetooth technology. In this paper, it made the anatomy of technical challenges of indoor positioning, studied on the framework of realizing indoor positioning, and designed an indoor positioning system based on Bluetooth technology. Taking the actual test of the indoor Bluetooth technology positioning platform as an example, the experimental results verified that the positioning system has higher accuracy. Research of experimental data shows that the positioning system designed in this paper can meet the needs of the general indoor high-risk life-support rescue positioning.