The contact deformation and wear of ball screws under high load condition are respectively analyzed and calculated based on Hertz contact theory and Archard model of adhesive wear. On this basis and in order to further research of the deformation of ball screws under high load condition, taking into account the comprehensive influence factors of elastic contact deformation,elasticplastic contact deformation and Archard adhesive wear, an analysis and calculation method was proposed. The results show that the total deformation of ball screws under load and unload condition can even be more entirely analyzed and calculated by using this method. And the research results provide a theoretical basis for the contact deformation and wear theory of ball screws under the high load conditions.