In order to match the appearance inspection of the machine part with the high-speed automation assembly speed, the present paper explored the application of ALBP algorithm in the rapid recognition inspection of the image appearance of machine parts. In this paper, the challenges of the appearance inspection of the machine parts were analyzed, aiming at the deficiency of LBP algorithm, an improved ALBP algorithm was discussed, and the recognition process was given for more detailed deduction. Taking the highly demanding facial feature recognition as an example, the simulation results of comparative research demonstrated the good effect of the recognition algorithm, and it would be higher in inspection efficiency and is better in real time and availability.